Float (project management)

Float (a.k.a Slack) in project management is the amount of time that a terminal element in a project network can be delayed by, without causing a delay to:

  • subsequent terminal elements (free float)
  • project completion date (total float).

An activity that has a total float equal to zero is said to be a ‘critical activity’, this means that any delay in the finish time of this activity will cause the entire project to be delayed.
A critical activity has a free float equal to zero, but the opposite is not always correct.

Consider the process of replacing a broken pane of glass in the window of your home. There are various component activities involved in the project as a whole; obtaining the glass and putty, installing the new glass, choosing the paint, obtaining a tin of paint, painting the new putty once it has set, wiping the new glass free of finger smears etc etc.

Some of these activities can run concurrently e.g. obtaining the glass, obtaining the putty, choosing the paint etc., while others are consecutive e.g. you cannot buy the new paint until you have chosen it, you cannot paint the new putty until the window is installed and the new putty has set. Delaying the acquisition of the glass is likely to delay the entire project - this activity will be on the critical path and have no float, of any sort, attached to it and hence it is a ‘critical activity’. A relatively short delay in the purchase of the paint may not automatically hold up the entire project as you still have to wait some time for the new putty to dry before it can be painted anyway - there will be some ‘free float’ attached to the activity of purchasing the paint and hence it is not a critical activity. However a delay in choosing the paint in turn inevitably delays buying the paint which, although it may not subsequently mean any delay to the entire project, does mean that choosing the paint has no ‘free float’ attached to it - despite having no free float of its own the choosing of the paint is involved with a path through the network which does have ‘total float’.

Sometimes called slack.


See also

List of project management topics

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Mandibular canine

The mandibular canine is the tooth located distally (away from the midline of the face) from both mandibular lateral incisors of the mouth but mesially (toward the midline of the face) from both mandibular first premolars. Both the maxillary and mandibular canines are called the “cornerstone” of the mouth because they are all located three teeth away from the midline, and separate the premolars from the incisors. The location of the canines reflect their dual function as they complement both the premolars and incisors during mastication, commonly known as chewing. Nonetheless, the most common action of the canines is tearing of food. There is a single cusp on canines, and they resemble the prehensile teeth found in carnivorous animals. Though relatively the same, there are some minor differences between the deciduous (baby) mandibular canine and that of the permanent mandibular canine.

In the universal system of notation, the deciduous mandibular canines are designated by a letter written in uppercase. The right deciduous mandibular canine is known as “R”, and the left one is known as “M”. The international notation has a different system of notation. Thus, the right deciduous mandibular canine is known as “83″, and the left one is known as “73″.

In the universal system of notation, the permanent mandibular canines are designated by a number. The right permanent mandibular canine known as “27″, and the left one is known as “22″. In the Palmer notation, a number is used in conjunction with a symbol designating in which quadrant the tooth is found. For this tooth, the left and right canines would have the same number, “3″, but the right one would have the symbol, “┐”, over it, while the left one would have, “┌”. The international notation has a different numbering system than the previous two, and the right permanent mandibular canine is known as “43″, and the left one is known as “33″.


References

  • Ash, Major M. and Stanley J. Nelson, 2003. Wheeler’s Dental Anatomy, Physiology, and Occlusion. 8th edition.

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Trendlenburg

Friedrich Adolf Trendelenburg (1802-1872) was a German thinker who is famous for his alternative to Immanuel Kant’s view of space and time as subjective. His alternative is basically that space and time can be both subjective and objective.

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Sauterne

Sauterne is an intentional misspelling of the name of the famed French wine, Sauternes. The term is typically used on low-quality wines produced in the U.S. from native grapes. Completely unlike Sauternes, it can be either white or pink, and ranges from nearly dry to sweet.

The U.S. Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau considers sauterne to be a semi-generic term.

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Scrooge McDuck and Money

Scrooge McDuck and Money is a short animated cartoon made by Walt Disney Studios in 1967. In this cartoon, Scrooge McDuck tries to teach his grandnephews Huey, Dewey and Louie how to save money. This is known to be Scrooge McDuck’s first animated appearance, apart from a brief cameo appearance on the Mickey Mouse Club television series. In this story, Scrooge says the money inside his Money Bin is only a percentage of his fortune but, in all stories where he loses all the money inside it, he claims to be ruined.

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Princess Leia of Hungary

Princess Leia of Hungary was a fictional character in the first series of the British sitcom Blackadder. The character was played by Natasha King.

In 1492, at the age of eight, she married the show’s central character, Prince Edmund. Three years later, she seemed uncomprehending or unconcerned at the prospect of her husband being burned as a witch. Nothing is known of her life after this point.

The name and hairstyle is an obvious reference to the Star Wars character, Princess Leia Organa.

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Moving-knife procedure

In the mathematics of social science, and especially game theory, a moving-knife procedure is a type of solution to the fair division problem.
The canonical example is the division of a cake using a knife.

The simplest example is a moving-knife equivalent of the I cut, you choose scheme, sometimes known as Austin’s moving-knife procedure. One player moves the knife across the cake, conventionally from left to right. The cake is cut when either player calls “stop”. If each player calls stop when he or she perceives the knife to be at the 50-50 point, then the first player to call stop will produce an envy-free division if the caller gets the left piece and the other player gets the right piece. Note that this procedure is not necessarily efficient.

Generalizing this scheme to more than two players cannot be done by a discrete procedure without sacrificing envy-freeness.

Examples of moving-knife procedures include

  • The Stromquist moving-knife procedure
  • The Levmore-Cook moving knife procedure
  • The Dubins-Spanier moving-knife procedure
  • The Webb moving-knife procedure


References

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Charlie Babcock

Charlie Babcock is an American actor. Babcock has guest starred on several present-day television programs which include a recurring role on the ABC series, Desperate Housewives as Stu who was Lynette Scavo’s secretary at Parcher & Murphy until he sued his boss (Joely Fisher) for a sexual harassment suit. Other guest star appearances include 8 Simple Rules and Cold Case.

Film credits include The Rules of Attraction and Spoonaur.


External links

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Chrysiasis

Chrysiasis is a dermatological condition caused by the prolonged ingestion of gold.

Similar to silver, a gold preparation used parenterally for a long period may rarely produce a permanent skin pigmentation - especially if the skin is exposed to sunlight or artificial ultraviolet radiation.

The skin’s pigmentation has been described as uniformly gray, grayish purple, slate gray, or grayish blue, and is usually limited to exposed portions of the body. It may involve the conjunctivae over the scleras but usually not the oral mucosa. Location of pigment predominantly in the upper dermis leads to the blue component of skin color through the scattering phenomenon. It is much less likely to be deposited in the nails and hair.

Chrysiasis was said to have been much more common when medicines containing traces of gold were used for treatment of tuberculosis (commonplace forms of treatment nearly fifty years ago). Treatments containing gold traces were also used to treat cases of rheumatoid arthritis - but because the dose used for tuberculosis was higher than for arthritis, it has not afflicted many subscribing to such treatments. Gold can be identified in the skin chemically by light microscopy, electron microscopy, and spectroscopy. There is no treatment or way to reverse chrysiasis.


References

  • Jeghers - New England Journal of Medicine, Vol. 231: 122 & 181, 1944
  • Scamberg - “Chrysoderma - A permanent gold staining of the skin”. Archives of Dermatology & Syphilis, Vol. 18. 862, 1928
  • The University of Massachusetts Online Article on Skin Pigmentation Disorders [1]


See also

  • Argyria
  • Carotenodermia

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Tricomin

Tricomin is a purported non-drug alternative to prevent hair loss, with copper as a key ingredient. The product is manufactured by the ProCyte corporation.

Tricomin is a superoxide dismutase formed from a metal complexed peptide. This works as a hair growth stimulant by improving collagen synthesis and possibly repairing skin and hair function. An 80% response rate has been reported for Tricomin in early tests. Phase II FDA clinical trial results were released recently which reported positive growth effects. The company has released a line of products which are available from doctors and mail order distributors. They are marketing the product as a cosmetic rather than going through FDA approval.

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Bahing

The Bahing are a subset of the Rai ethnic group, located widely in Solukhumbu District (Necha Batase, Salyaan, Tinglaa), in some of the villages like Bulaadi, Chisopani, Manebhanjyang, Ratmaate, Lekh Kharka of Okhaldhunga District, and in some other districts of eastern Nepal. Their language, also named Bahing, belongs to the family of Kiranti languages, a subgroup of Tibeto-Burman.

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Tilkut

A sweet savoury made in the Indian states of Bihar and Jharkhand. Tilkut is made of pounded ’tila’ or sesame seeds (Sesamum indicum) and jaggery or sugar. The best tilkut is said to be from Gaya. References to this dry sweet is found in the in Buddhist literature as ‘Palala’.

Normally, three types of tilkuts are available - the sugar tilkut is white in colour, the sakkar tilkut is made of unrefined sugar and is light brown in colour and the gur tilkut is made of jaggery and is dark brown in colour. Each of these varieties have their own flavour. However, the white variety made of sugar is more popular and the other two varieties are losing out. The circular shaped savoury is called tilkut and the smaller nut-sized ones are called tillouri.

Winter is the period when sugar cane is harvested. It is also the period when large quantities of tilkut are made in many towns and even villages. However, as the demand persists throughout the year, smaller quantities are made round the year.

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Museum für angewandte Kunst

The Museum of Applied Arts or just MAK, a short version of its German name Museum für angewandte Kunst is located in Frankfurt, Germany and exhibits more than 30,000 objects representing European and Asian decorative arts. The new building of the museum was designed by the American architect Richard Meier in the garden of Villa Metzler. The collection of furniture, glassware, and porcelain has expanded and includes now also product design and information design.


Buildings


Collection

Meissen porcelain

Notable collections include that of Oriental and Chinese antiques.


Exhibitions

Ornament without Ornament

Jewellery-Design, Franz Bette

Plakate (poster), Gunter Rambow


External links

English website

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Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry

The University of the Pacific, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry is a graduate school of dentistry located in the Pacific Heights area of the United States city of San Francisco. Since 1962 the school has been part of the University of the Pacific, a private university with its main campus in Stockton, California.

The school was founded in 1896 as the College of Physicians and Surgeons with programs in dentistry, medicine and pharmacy. In 1918, the college focused its education program solely on dentistry but retained its name as the College of Physicians and Surgeons until it was incorporated into the University of the Pacific. In 2004 the school was named after its long-time dean.<ref name=”about”></ref>


References

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External links

  • Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry website

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Macadamia oil

Macadamia oil (or Macadamia nut oil) is the non-volatile oil expressed from the nut meat of the macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia) tree. Macadamia oil is sometimes used in food as a frying or salad oil, and in cosmetic formulations as an emollient or fragrance fixative.


Chemical structure

Macadamia oil contains approximately 60% oleic acid, 19% palmitoleic acid, 2.8% Linoleic acid and 1% Linolenic acid. It also contains 3% omega-6 and 3% omega-3. Although macadamia is cultivated in many different parts of the world, the oil’s fatty acid profile is not greatly influenced by environmental factors. The oil displays chemical properties typical of a vegetable triglyceride oil.


Physical properties

Macadamia oil is liquid at room temperature. The refined oil is clear, lightly amber-colored with a slightly nutty odour.


Uses in Food

Macadamia oil is an excellent frying oil due to its high heat capacity.
Several properties of macadamia oil are particularly important for use as an edible oil:

  • It contains up to 85% monounsaturated fats,
  • has an unrefrigerated shelf life of one to two years, and
  • a smoke point of 410°F.<ref></ref>


Uses in Cosmetics

Macadamia oil’s rich, cushiony skinfeel and high oxidative stability make it especially suitable for heavy creams and suncare formulations.<ref></ref> Derivatives of Macadamia oil in cosmetics include the light emollient Ethyl Macadamiate and water soluble PEG-16 Macadamia Glycerides.

Macadamia oil is an excellent botanical replacement for mink oil in most applications.

Macadamia oil’s INCI name is Macadamia Integrifolia Seed Oil.


References

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External links

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Fraise Tagada

The Fraise Tagada (Tagada Strawberry) is a candy invented in 1969 by the Haribo Society. This society was created in 1924 by Hans Riegel and his wife Gertrud in Bonn, Germany, with a product that is still one of the society’s best-selling: the golden bear, a colloid candy in the shape of a bear. The Fraise Tagada is presented in the shape of an over-inflated strawberry covered in fine sugar, colored pink and scented.

In France, the Fraise Tagada is one of the most widely sold candies (1 billion Fraises annually) and also one of the most imitated. Indeed, all the enseignes now have their own imitations of the Fraise Tagada.

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  • Shape - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This article is about describing the shape of an object. See list of geometric shapes for common shapes, for other uses see Shape (disambiguation).
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  • Changing Shape Looking for a weight loss program? Click here to access your very own personal trainer online, and start a fitness program today!
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  • shape Еще месяц-другой — и нас закружит вихрь новогодне-рождественских торжеств. SHAPE рекомендует посетить города, обещающие покой и уединение.
  • Shape Diet, fitness and beauty features, with an online community.
  • Princeton Shape Benchmark The Princeton Shape Benchmark provides a repository of 3D models and software tools for evaluating shape-based retrieval and analysis algorithms.
  • The Shape of Life | PBS A companion website to THE SHAPE OF LIFE, an eight-part series that takes viewers to unexplored places and answers fundamental questions about the origins
  • Shapebooks, Printable Patterns, Coloring Pages A shapebook is a book that is in the shape of a particular object. The text of the book is printed inside of the shape. For example, you may have written
  • The Shape of Space — home page The Shape of Space, The Geometry Center's last production video, is based on Jeff Weeks' book, The Shape of Space. The 11-minute video and supplementary
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Landers Theatre

Landers Theatre in Springfield, Missouri was built in 1909, and is the oldest and largest civic theatre operation in Missouri. It has been in continuous use either as a legitimate theatre or a movie theater since it opened. In 1928, the theatre became the 35th facility in the world to acquire sound film.

It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977, significant for the preserved Baroque Renaissance, Napoleon architectural style. A number of major restoration projects have been undertaken, and the most recent restorations have been cited with awards from the American Institute of Architects.


Notes


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Aorounga crater

Aorounga is an eroded meteorite impact crater in Chad, Africa. The exposed remnant of the crater is 12.6 km in diameter and its age is estimated to be less than 345 million years (Carboniferous or younger).<ref>Aorounga at Earth Impact Database [1]</ref>

The crater is accompanied by two nearby circular features revealed by Space Shuttle SIR-C radar. These may be related impact craters, and if correct, Aorounga may be part of a crater chain. On the assumption that this hypothesis is correct, the exposed Aorounga crater is sometimes referred to as Aorounga South.


References

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